Understanding Dry Eye: How Optometrists Diagnose this Common Condition

Dry eye is a prevalent condition that affects millions of people around the world. It's a disorder that can lead to discomfort, visual disturbance, and even damage to the ocular surface if left unmanaged. By understanding dry eye, you can take proactive steps to manage it and maintain your eye health.
 

Understanding Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

One of the leading causes of dry eye is meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). The meibomian glands are tiny oil glands located in the eyelids. These glands secrete oils that prevent the evaporation of the eye's tear film. When these glands don't work properly, it can lead to an unstable tear film and dry eye symptoms.
 

In meibomian gland dysfunction, the glands are either blocked or they produce oil of poor quality. This results in rapid tear evaporation and an unstable tear film, leading to irritation and the symptoms associated with dry eye. MGD is a chronic condition that can worsen over time if left untreated.
 

Identifying the Symptoms of Dry Eye

The most common symptoms of dry eye include a stinging or burning sensation, a gritty feeling as if something is in your eye, episodes of excess tears followed by very dry eye periods, and discomfort when wearing contact lenses. Additionally, you may experience red eyes, sensitivity to light, and blurred vision that improves with blinking.
 

How is Dry Eye Diagnosed by an Optometrist?

If you're experiencing persistent symptoms of dry eye, it's essential to seek professional help. An optometrist can conduct a thorough examination to determine the cause of your symptoms and provide appropriate treatment options. Waiting too long to address the symptoms can lead to more significant issues, such as eye infections or damage to the eye surface.
 

The initial consultation will likely involve a discussion of your symptoms, medical history, and any medications you're taking. The optometrist will ask about your lifestyle, including screen time and exposure to environmental factors that could contribute to dry eye.
 

Your optometrist may perform several tests to diagnose dry eye. These can include a Schirmer test to measure tear production, a tear breakup time test to assess tear film stability, and imaging tests to evaluate the meibomian glands and ocular surface. They may also use special dyes to observe tear flow and to highlight any changes to the outer surface of the eye.
 

Based on the diagnosis, your optometrist will develop a personalized treatment plan. This may involve over-the-counter artificial tears, prescription eye drops, lifestyle changes, or procedures to address meibomian gland dysfunction. The goal is to alleviate symptoms, improve eye comfort, and prevent potential complications.
 

Conclusion

Living with dry eye can be challenging, but with proper diagnosis and management, it is possible to alleviate symptoms and improve your quality of life.
 

If you're experiencing symptoms of dry eye, visit Northside Vision at our office in Spokane, Washington, or call (509) 519–4400 to schedule an appointment today.